One effect of the U.N. sanctions, imposed since 1992 because of Libya's refusal to surrender suspects accused in the 1988 bombing of a Pan Am airliner, has been to ground most of the country's domestic air fleet. At the same time, the fact that tourism as a phenomenon has been relatively recent, and that the ideology propounded by Col. Moammar Gadhafi, the Libyan leader, declares their country is a ``state of the masses,'' has created what Cuisenier described as ``not exactly a service-oriented economy.''