%-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
%
%               LaTeX Class/Style File
%
% Name:         acm-sigplan.cls
% Purpose:      A LaTeX 2e class file for SIGPLAN and related proceedings.
%               This class file supercedes acm_proc_article-sp,
%               sig-alternate, and sigplan-proc.
%
% Author:       Paul C. Anagnostopoulos
%               Windfall Software
%               978 371-2316
%               paul@windfall.com
%
% Created:      12 September 2004
%
% Revisions:    See end of file.
%
%-----------------------------------------------------------------------------


\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
\ProvidesClass{acm-sigplan}[2004/11/28 v0.7 ACM SIGPLAN Proceedings]

% The following few pages contain LaTeX programming extensions from the
% 'progext' package.

%                       Token Hackery
%                       ----- -------


\def \expandaftertwice {\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter}
\def \expandafterthrice {\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter
                         \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter}

% This macro discards the next token.

\def \@discardtok #1{}%                                  token

% This macro removes the `pt' following a dimension.

{\catcode `\p = 12 \catcode `\t = 12

\gdef \@remover #1pt{#1}

} % \catcode

% This macro extracts the contents of a macro and returns it as plain text.
% Usage: \expandafter\@defof \meaning\macro\@mark

\def \@defof #1:->#2\@mark{#2}

%                       Control Sequence Names
%                       ------- -------- -----


\def \@name #1{%                                        {\tokens}
  \csname \expandafter\@discardtok \string#1\endcsname}

\def \@withname #1#2{%                                  {\command}{\tokens}
  \expandafter#1\csname \expandafter\@discardtok \string#2\endcsname}

%                       Flags (Booleans)
%                       ----- ----------

% The boolean literals \true and \false are appropriate for use with
% the \if command, which tests the codes of the next two characters.

\def \true {TT}
\def \false {FL}

\def \setflag #1=#2{\edef #1{#2}}%              \flag = boolean

%                       IF and Predicates
%                       -- --- ----------

% A "predicate" is a macro that returns \true or \false as its value.
% Such values are suitable for use with the \if conditional.  For example:
%
%   \if \oddp{\x} <then-clause> \else <else-clause> \fi

% A predicate can be used with \setflag as follows:
%
%   \setflag \flag = {<predicate>}

% Here are the predicates for TeX's repertoire of conditional
% commands.  These might be more appropriately interspersed with
% other definitions in this module, but what the heck.
% Some additional "obvious" predicates are defined.


\def \eqlp   #1#2{\ifnum #1 = #2\true \else \false \fi}
\def \neqlp  #1#2{\ifnum #1 = #2\false \else \true \fi}
\def \lssp   #1#2{\ifnum #1 < #2\true \else \false \fi}
\def \gtrp   #1#2{\ifnum #1 > #2\true \else \false \fi}
\def \zerop  #1{\ifnum #1 = 0\true \else \false \fi}
\def \onep   #1{\ifnum #1 = 1\true \else \false \fi}
\def \posp   #1{\ifnum #1 > 0\true \else \false \fi}
\def \negp   #1{\ifnum #1 < 0\true \else \false \fi}
\def \oddp   #1{\ifodd #1\true \else \false \fi}
\def \evenp  #1{\ifodd #1\false \else \true \fi}
\def \rangep #1#2#3{\if \orp{\lssp{#1}{#2}}{\gtrp{#1}{#3}}\false \else
                                                          \true \fi}
\def \tensp  #1{\rangep{#1}{10}{19}}

\def \dimeqlp   #1#2{\ifdim #1 = #2\true \else \false \fi}
\def \dimneqlp  #1#2{\ifdim #1 = #2\false \else \true \fi}
\def \dimlssp   #1#2{\ifdim #1 < #2\true \else \false \fi}
\def \dimgtrp   #1#2{\ifdim #1 > #2\true \else \false \fi}
\def \dimzerop  #1{\ifdim #1 = 0pt\true \else \false \fi}
\def \dimposp   #1{\ifdim #1 > 0pt\true \else \false \fi}
\def \dimnegp   #1{\ifdim #1 < 0pt\true \else \false \fi}

\def \vmodep     {\ifvmode \true \else \false \fi}
\def \hmodep     {\ifhmode \true \else \false \fi}
\def \mathmodep  {\ifmmode \true \else \false \fi}
\def \textmodep  {\ifmmode \false \else \true \fi}
\def \innermodep {\ifinner \true \else \false \fi}

\long\def \codeeqlp #1#2{\if #1#2\true \else \false \fi}

\long\def \cateqlp #1#2{\ifcat #1#2\true \else \false \fi}

\long\def \tokeqlp  #1#2{\ifx #1#2\true \else \false \fi}
\long\def \xtokeqlp #1#2{\expandafter\ifx #1#2\true \else \false \fi}

\long\def \definedp #1{%
  \expandafter\ifx \csname \expandafter\@discardtok \string#1\endcsname
                   \relax \false \else \true \fi}

\long\def \undefinedp #1{%
  \expandafter\ifx \csname \expandafter\@discardtok \string#1\endcsname
                   \relax \true \else \false \fi}

\def \emptydefp #1{\ifx #1\@empty \true \else \false \fi}%       {\name}

\let \emptylistp = \emptydefp

\long\def \emptyargp #1{%                               {#n}
  \@empargp #1\@empargq\@mark}
\long\def \@empargp #1#2\@mark{%
  \ifx #1\@empargq \true \else \false \fi}
\def \@empargq {\@empargq}

\def \emptytoksp #1{%                                   {\tokenreg}
  \expandafter\@emptoksp \the#1\@mark}

\long\def \@emptoksp #1\@mark{\emptyargp{#1}}

\def \voidboxp #1{\ifvoid #1\true \else \false \fi}
\def \hboxp #1{\ifhbox #1\true \else \false \fi}
\def \vboxp #1{\ifvbox #1\true \else \false \fi}

\def \eofp #1{\ifeof #1\true \else \false \fi}


% Flags can also be used as predicates, as in:
%
%   \if \flaga <then-clause> \else <else-clause> \fi


% Now here we have predicates for the common logical operators.

\def \notp #1{\if #1\false \else \true \fi}

\def \andp #1#2{\if #1%
                  \if #2\true \else \false \fi
                \else
                  \false
                \fi}

\def \orp #1#2{\if #1%
                 \true
               \else
                 \if #2\true \else \false \fi
               \fi}

\def \xorp #1#2{\if #1%
                  \if #2\false \else \true \fi
                \else
                  \if #2\true \else \false \fi
                \fi}

%                       Arithmetic
%                       ----------

\def \increment #1{\advance #1 by 1\relax}%             {\count}

\def \decrement #1{\advance #1 by -1\relax}%            {\count}

%                       Options
%                       -------


\setflag \@blockstyle = \false
\setflag \@copyrightwanted = \true
\setflag \@mathtime = \false
\setflag \@ninepoint = \true
\setflag \@onecolumn = \false
\setflag \@preprint = \false
\newcount{\@numheaddepth} \@numheaddepth = 3
\setflag \@times = \false

% Note that all the dangerous article class options are trapped.

\DeclareOption{9pt}{\setflag \@ninepoint = \true}

\DeclareOption{10pt}{\PassOptionsToClass{10pt}{article}%
                     \setflag \@ninepoint = \false}

\DeclareOption{11pt}{\PassOptionsToClass{11pt}{article}%
                     \setflag \@ninepoint = \false}

\DeclareOption{12pt}{\@unsupportedoption{12pt}}

\DeclareOption{a4paper}{\@unsupportedoption{a4paper}}

\DeclareOption{a5paper}{\@unsupportedoption{a5paper}}

\DeclareOption{b5paper}{\@unsupportedoption{b5paper}}

\DeclareOption{blockstyle}{\setflag \@blockstyle = \true}

\DeclareOption{cm}{\setflag \@times = \false}

\DeclareOption{computermodern}{\setflag \@times = \false}

\DeclareOption{executivepaper}{\@unsupportedoption{executivepaper}}

\DeclareOption{indentedstyle}{\setflag \@blockstyle = \false}

\DeclareOption{landscape}{\@unsupportedoption{landscape}}

\DeclareOption{legalpaper}{\@unsupportedoption{legalpaper}}

\DeclareOption{letterpaper}{\@unsupportedoption{letterpaper}}

\DeclareOption{mathtime}{\setflag \@mathtime = \true}

\DeclareOption{nocopyrightspace}{\setflag \@copyrightwanted = \false}

\DeclareOption{notitlepage}{\@unsupportedoption{notitlepage}}

\DeclareOption{numberedpars}{\@numheaddepth = 4}

\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\setflag \@onecolumn = \true}

\DeclareOption{preprint}{\setflag \@preprint = \true}

\DeclareOption{times}{\setflag \@times = \true}

\DeclareOption{titlepage}{\@unsupportedoption{titlepage}}

\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\setflag \@onecolumn = \false}

\DeclareOption*{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{article}}

\ExecuteOptions{9pt,indentedstyle,times}
\ProcessOptions

\if \@onecolumn
  \PassOptionsToClass{twoside,onecolumn}{article}
\else
  \PassOptionsToClass{twoside,twocolumn}{article}
\fi
\LoadClass{article}

\def \@unsupportedoption #1{%
  \ClassError{proc}{The standard '#1' option is not supported.}}

%                       Utilities
%                       ---------


\newcommand{\setvspace}[2]{%
  #1 = #2
  \advance #1 by -1\parskip}

%                       Document Parameters
%                       -------- ----------


% Page:

\setlength{\hoffset}{-1in}
\setlength{\voffset}{-1in}

\setlength{\topmargin}{1in}
\setlength{\headheight}{0pt}
\setlength{\headsep}{0pt}

\if \@onecolumn
  \setlength{\evensidemargin}{.75in}
  \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{.75in}
\else
  \setlength{\evensidemargin}{.75in}
  \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{.75in}
\fi

% Text area:

\newdimen{\standardtextwidth}
\setlength{\standardtextwidth}{42pc}

\if \@onecolumn
  \setlength{\textwidth}{32pc}
\else
  \setlength{\textwidth}{\standardtextwidth}
\fi

\setlength{\topskip}{8pt}
\setlength{\columnsep}{2pc}
\setlength{\textheight}{54.5pc}

% Running foot:

\setlength{\footskip}{30pt}

% Paragraphs:

\if \@blockstyle
  \setlength{\parskip}{5pt plus .1pt minus .5pt}
  \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}
\else
  \setlength{\parskip}{0pt}
  \setlength{\parindent}{12pt}
\fi

\setlength{\lineskip}{.5pt}
\setlength{\lineskiplimit}{\lineskip}

\frenchspacing
\pretolerance = 400
\tolerance = \pretolerance
\setlength{\emergencystretch}{5pt}
\clubpenalty = 10000
\widowpenalty = 10000
\setlength{\hfuzz}{.5pt}

% Standard vertical spaces:

\newskip{\standardvspace}
\setvspace{\standardvspace}{5pt plus 1pt minus .5pt}

% Margin paragraphs:

\setlength{\marginparwidth}{0pt}
\setlength{\marginparsep}{0pt}
\setlength{\marginparpush}{0pt}


\setlength{\skip\footins}{8pt plus 3pt minus 1pt}
\setlength{\footnotesep}{9pt}

\renewcommand{\footnoterule}{%
  \hrule width .5\columnwidth height .33pt depth 0pt}

\renewcommand{\@makefntext}[1]{%
  \noindent \@makefnmark \hspace{1pt}#1}

% Floats:

\setcounter{topnumber}{4}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{4}

\renewcommand{\fps@figure}{tp}
\renewcommand{\fps@table}{tp}
\renewcommand{\topfraction}{0.90}
\renewcommand{\bottomfraction}{0.30}
\renewcommand{\textfraction}{0.10}
\renewcommand{\floatpagefraction}{0.75}

\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{4}

\renewcommand{\dbltopfraction}{\topfraction}
\renewcommand{\dblfloatpagefraction}{\floatpagefraction}

\setlength{\floatsep}{18pt plus 4pt minus 2pt}
\setlength{\textfloatsep}{18pt plus 4pt minus 3pt}
\setlength{\intextsep}{10pt plus 4pt minus 3pt}

\setlength{\dblfloatsep}{18pt plus 4pt minus 2pt}
\setlength{\dbltextfloatsep}{20pt plus 4pt minus 3pt}

% Miscellaneous:

\errorcontextlines = 5

%                       Fonts
%                       -----


\if \@times
  \renewcommand{\rmdefault}{ptm}
  \if \@mathtime
    \usepackage[mtbold,noTS1]{mathtime}
  \else
    \usepackage{mathptm}
  \fi
\else
  \relax
\fi

\if \@ninepoint

\renewcommand{\normalsize}{%
  \@setfontsize{\normalsize}{9pt}{10pt}%
  \setlength{\abovedisplayskip}{5pt plus 1pt minus .5pt}%
  \setlength{\belowdisplayskip}{\abovedisplayskip}%
  \setlength{\abovedisplayshortskip}{3pt plus 1pt minus 2pt}%
  \setlength{\belowdisplayshortskip}{\abovedisplayshortskip}}

\renewcommand{\tiny}{\@setfontsize{\tiny}{5pt}{6pt}}

\renewcommand{\scriptsize}{\@setfontsize{\scriptsize}{7pt}{8pt}}

\renewcommand{\small}{%
  \@setfontsize{\small}{8pt}{9pt}%
  \setlength{\abovedisplayskip}{4pt plus 1pt minus 1pt}%
  \setlength{\belowdisplayskip}{\abovedisplayskip}%
  \setlength{\abovedisplayshortskip}{2pt plus 1pt}%
  \setlength{\belowdisplayshortskip}{\abovedisplayshortskip}}

\renewcommand{\footnotesize}{%
  \@setfontsize{\footnotesize}{8pt}{9pt}%
  \setlength{\abovedisplayskip}{4pt plus 1pt minus .5pt}%
  \setlength{\belowdisplayskip}{\abovedisplayskip}%
  \setlength{\abovedisplayshortskip}{2pt plus 1pt}%
  \setlength{\belowdisplayshortskip}{\abovedisplayshortskip}}

\renewcommand{\large}{\@setfontsize{\large}{11pt}{13pt}}

\renewcommand{\Large}{\@setfontsize{\Large}{14pt}{18pt}}

\renewcommand{\LARGE}{\@setfontsize{\LARGE}{18pt}{20pt}}

\renewcommand{\huge}{\@setfontsize{\huge}{20pt}{25pt}}

\renewcommand{\Huge}{\@setfontsize{\Huge}{25pt}{30pt}}

\fi

%                       Abstract
%                       --------


\renewenvironment{abstract}{%
  \section*{Abstract}%
  \normalsize}{%
  }

%                       Bibliography
%                       ------------


\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]
     {\section*{\refname
        \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\refname}{\MakeUppercase\refname}}%
      \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
           {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
            \leftmargin\labelwidth
            \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
            \@openbib@code
            \usecounter{enumiv}%
            \let\p@enumiv\@empty
            \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%
      \small
      \softraggedright%%%\sloppy
      \clubpenalty4000
      \@clubpenalty \clubpenalty
      \widowpenalty4000%
      \sfcode`\.\@m}
     {\def\@noitemerr
       {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
      \endlist}

%                       Categories
%                       ----------


\setflag \@firstcategory = \true

\newcommand{\category}[3]{%
  \if \@firstcategory
    \paragraph*{Categories and Subject Descriptors}%
    \setflag \@firstcategory = \false
  \else
    \unskip ;\hspace{.75em}%
  \fi
  \@ifnextchar [{\@category{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@category{#1}{#2}{#3}[]}}

\def \@category #1#2#3[#4]{%
  {\let \and = \relax
   #1 [\textit{#2}]%
   \if \emptyargp{#4}%
     \if \notp{\emptyargp{#3}}: #3\fi
   \else
     :\space
     \if \notp{\emptyargp{#3}}#3---\fi
     \textrm{#4}%
   \fi}}

%                       Copyright Notice
%                       --------- ------


\def \ftype@copyrightbox {8}
\def \@toappear {}
\def \@permission {}


\def \@copyrightspace {%
  \@float{copyrightbox}[b]%
  \vbox to 1.25in{%
    \vfill
    \begin{center}%
    \@toappear
    \end{center}}%
  \end@float}

\long\def \toappear #1{%
  \def \@toappear {\parbox[b]{20pc}{\scriptsize #1}}}

%%%\def \toappearbox #1{%
%%%  \def \@toappear {\raisebox{5pt}{\framebox[20pc]{\parbox[b]{19pc}{#1}}}}}

\toappear{%
  \noindent \@permission \par
  \vspace{2pt}
  \noindent \textsl{\@conferencename}\quad \@conferenceinfo \par
  \@copyrightinfo}

\newcommand{\permission}[1]{%
  \gdef \@permission {#1}}

\permission{%
  Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or
  part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without
  fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or
  commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full
  citation on the first page.  To copy otherwise, to republish, to
  post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific
  permission and/or a fee.}

\def \@copyrightinfo {%
  \if \notp{\emptydefp{\copyrightinfo}}%
    Copyright \copyright\ \@copyrightyear\ ACM \@copyrightdata\ \dots\ \$5.00
  \fi}

%                       Enunciations
%                       ------------


\def \@begintheorem #1#2{%                      {name}{number}
  \trivlist
  \item[\hskip \labelsep \textsc{#1 #2.}]%
  \itshape\selectfont
  \ignorespaces}

\def \@opargbegintheorem #1#2#3{%               {name}{number}{title}
  \trivlist
  \item[%
    \hskip\labelsep \textsc{#1\ #2}%
    \if \notp{\emptyargp{#3}}\nut (#3).\fi]%
  \itshape\selectfont
  \ignorespaces}

\setflag \@qeddone = \false

\newenvironment{proof}{%
  \global\setflag \@qeddone = \false
  \@ifnextchar[{\@titledproof}{\@titledproof[]}}{%
  \if \notp{\@qeddone}\qed \fi
  \endtrivlist}

\def \@titledproof [#1]{%
  \trivlist
  \item[\hskip \labelsep
        \textsc{Proof%
        \if \notp{\emptyargp{#1}}\space #1\fi
        .}]%
  \ignorespaces}

\newcommand{\qed}{%
  \unskip
  \kern 6pt
  {\linethickness{.5pt}\framebox(4,4){}}%
  \global\setflag \@qeddone = \true}

\newcommand{\newdef}[2]{%                            {type}{name}
  \@withname\@ifdefinable {#1}{%
    \@definecounter{#1}%
    \@withname\xdef {the#1}{\@thmcounter{#1}}%
    \global\@namedef{#1}{\@begindef{#1}{#2}}%
    \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}

\def \@begindef #1#2{%                                  {type}{name}
  \refstepcounter{#1}%
  \@ifnextchar[{\@titleddef{#1}{#2}}{\@titleddef{#1}{#2}[]}}

\def \@titleddef #1#2[#3]{%                             {type}{name}[title]
  \trivlist
  \item[\hskip \labelsep
        \itshape{#2%
        \if \notp{\emptyargp{#3}}\space #3\fi
        .}]%
  \ignorespaces}

%                       Figures
%                       -------


\setflag \@caprule = \true

\long\def \@makecaption #1#2{%
  \addvspace{4pt}
  \if \@caprule
    \hrule width \hsize height .33pt
    \vspace{4pt}
  \fi
  \setbox \@tempboxa = \hbox{\@setfigurenumber{#1.} #2}%
  \if \dimgtrp{\wd\@tempboxa}{\hsize}%
    \noindent \@setfigurenumber{#1.} #2\par
  \else
    \centerline{\box\@tempboxa}%
  \fi}

\newcommand{\nocaptionrule}{%
  \setflag \@caprule = \false}

\def \@setfigurenumber #1{%
  {\rmfamily \bfseries \selectfont #1}}

%                       Hierarchy
%                       ---------


\setcounter{secnumdepth}{\@numheaddepth}

\newskip{\@sectionaboveskip}
\setvspace{\@sectionaboveskip}{10pt plus 3pt minus 2pt}

\newskip{\@sectionbelowskip}
\if \@blockstyle
  \setlength{\@sectionbelowskip}{0.1pt}%
\else
  \setlength{\@sectionbelowskip}{4pt}%
\fi

\renewcommand{\section}{%
  \@startsection
    {section}%
    {1}%
    {0pt}%
    {-\@sectionaboveskip}%
    {\@sectionbelowskip}%
    {\large \bfseries \raggedright}}

\newskip{\@subsectionaboveskip}
\setvspace{\@subsectionaboveskip}{8pt plus 2pt minus 2pt}

\newskip{\@subsectionbelowskip}
\if \@blockstyle
  \setlength{\@subsectionbelowskip}{0.1pt}%
\else
  \setlength{\@subsectionbelowskip}{4pt}%
\fi

\renewcommand{\subsection}{%
  \@startsection%
    {subsection}%
    {2}%
    {0pt}%
    {-\@subsectionaboveskip}%
    {\@subsectionbelowskip}%
    {\normalsize \bfseries \raggedright}}

\renewcommand{\subsubsection}{%
  \@startsection%
    {subsubsection}%
    {3}%
    {0pt}%
    {-\@subsectionaboveskip}
    {\@subsectionbelowskip}%
    {\normalsize \bfseries \raggedright}}

\newskip{\@paragraphaboveskip}
\setvspace{\@paragraphaboveskip}{6pt plus 2pt minus 2pt}

\renewcommand{\paragraph}{%
  \@startsection%
    {paragraph}%
    {4}%
    {0pt}%
    {\@paragraphaboveskip}
    {-1em}%
    {\normalsize \bfseries \if \@times \itshape \fi}}

% Standard headings:

\newcommand{\acks}{\section*{Acknowledgments}}

\newcommand{\keywords}{\paragraph*{Keywords}}

\newcommand{\terms}{\paragraph*{General Terms}}

%                       Identification
%                       --------------


\def \@conferencename {}
\def \@conferenceinfo {}
\def \@copyrightyear {}
\def \@copyrightdata {}


\newcommand{\conferenceinfo}[2]{%
  \gdef \@conferencename {#1}%
  \gdef \@conferenceinfo {#2}}

\newcommand{\copyrightyear}[1]{%
  \gdef \@copyrightyear {#1}}

\let \CopyrightYear = \copyrightyear

\newcommand{\copyrightdata}[1]{%
  \gdef \@copyrightdata {#1}}

\let \crdata = \copyrightdata

%                       Lists
%                       -----


\setlength{\leftmargini}{13pt}
\setlength\leftmarginii{13pt}
\setlength\leftmarginiii{13pt}
\setlength\leftmarginiv{13pt}
\setlength{\labelsep}{3.5pt}

\setlength{\topsep}{\standardvspace}
\if \@blockstyle
  \setlength{\itemsep}{0pt}
  \setlength{\parsep}{4pt}
\else
  \setlength{\itemsep}{2pt}
  \setlength{\parsep}{0pt}
\fi

\renewcommand{\labelitemi}{{\small \centeroncapheight{\textbullet}}}
\renewcommand{\labelitemii}{\centeroncapheight{\rule{2.5pt}{2.5pt}}}
\renewcommand{\labelitemiii}{$-$}
\renewcommand{\labelitemiv}{{\Large \textperiodcentered}}

\renewcommand{\@listi}{%
  \leftmargin = \leftmargini
  \listparindent = \parindent}

\let \@listI = \@listi

\renewcommand{\@listii}{%
  \leftmargin = \leftmarginii
  \labelwidth = \leftmarginii
  \advance \labelwidth by -\labelsep
  \listparindent = \parindent}

\renewcommand{\@listiii}{%
  \leftmargin = \leftmarginiii
  \labelwidth = \leftmarginiii
  \advance \labelwidth by -\labelsep
  \listparindent = \parindent}

\renewcommand{\@listiv}{%
  \leftmargin = \leftmarginiv
  \labelwidth = \leftmarginiv
  \advance \labelwidth by -\labelsep
  \listparindent = \parindent}

%                       Mathematics
%                       -----------


\def \theequation {\arabic{equation}}

%                       Miscellaneous
%                       -------------


\newcommand{\balancecolumns}{%
  \vfill\eject
  \global\@colht = \textheight
  \global\ht\@cclv = \textheight}

\newcommand{\nut}{\hspace{.5em}}

\newcommand{\softraggedright}{%
  \let \\ = \@centercr
  \leftskip = 0pt
  \rightskip = 0pt plus 10pt}

%                       Program Code
%                       ------- ----


\newcommand{\mono}[1]{%
  {\@tempdima = \fontdimen2\font
   \texttt{\spaceskip = 1.1\@tempdima #1}}}

%                       Running Heads and Feet
%                       ------- ----- --- ----


\if \@preprint

\def \ps@plain {%
  \let \@mkboth = \@gobbletwo
  \let \@evenhead = \@empty
  \def \@evenfoot {%
    \reset@font \@conferencename \hfil \thepage \hfil \@formatyear}%
  \let \@oddhead = \@empty
  \let \@oddfoot = \@evenfoot}

\else

\let \ps@plain = \ps@empty
\let \ps@headings = \ps@empty
\let \ps@myheadings = \ps@empty

\fi

\def \@formatyear {%
  \number\year/\number\month/\number\day}

%                       Title Page
%                       ----- ----


\setflag \@addauthorsdone = \false

\def \@titletext {\@latex@error{No title was provided}{}}
\def \@subtitletext {}

\newcount{\@authorcount}

\newcount{\@titlenotecount}
\newtoks{\@titlenotetext}

\renewcommand{\title}[1]{%
  \gdef \@titletext {#1}}

\newcommand{\subtitle}[1]{%
  \gdef \@subtitletext {#1}}

\newcommand{\authorinfo}[3]{%           {names}{affiliation}{email/URL}
  \global\increment \@authorcount
  \@withname\gdef {\@authorname\romannumeral\@authorcount}{#1}%
  \@withname\gdef {\@authoraffil\romannumeral\@authorcount}{#2}%
  \@withname\gdef {\@authoremail\romannumeral\@authorcount}{#3}}

\renewcommand{\author}[1]{%
  \@latex@error{The \string\author\space command is obsolete;
                use \string\authorinfo}{}}

\renewcommand{\maketitle}{%
  \pagestyle{plain}%
  \if \@onecolumn
    {\hsize = \standardtextwidth
     \@maketitle}%
  \else
    \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
  \fi
  \@placetitlenotes
  \if \@copyrightwanted \@copyrightspace \fi}

\def \@maketitle {%
  \begin{center}
  \let \thanks = \titlenote
  \noindent \LARGE \bfseries \@titletext \par
  \vskip 6pt
  \noindent \Large \@subtitletext \par
  \vskip 12pt
  \ifcase \@authorcount
    \@latex@error{No authors were specified for this paper}{}\or
    \@titleauthors{i}{}{}\or
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{}\or
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{iii}\or
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{iii}\@titleauthors{iv}{}{}\or
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{iii}\@titleauthors{iv}{v}{}\or
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{iii}\@titleauthors{iv}{v}{vi}\or
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{iii}\@titleauthors{iv}{v}{vi}%
                  \@titleauthors{vii}{}{}\or
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{iii}\@titleauthors{iv}{v}{vi}%
                  \@titleauthors{vii}{viii}{}\or
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{iii}\@titleauthors{iv}{v}{vi}%
                  \@titleauthors{vii}{viii}{ix}\or
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{iii}\@titleauthors{iv}{v}{vi}%
                  \@titleauthors{vii}{viii}{ix}\@titleauthors{x}{}{}%
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{iii}\@titleauthors{iv}{v}{vi}%
                  \@titleauthors{vii}{viii}{ix}\@titleauthors{x}{xi}{}%
    \@titleauthors{i}{ii}{iii}\@titleauthors{iv}{v}{vi}%
                  \@titleauthors{vii}{viii}{ix}\@titleauthors{x}{xi}{xii}%
  \else
    \@latex@error{Cannot handle more than 12 authors}{}%
  \fi
  \vspace{1.75pc}
  \end{center}}

\def \@titleauthors #1#2#3{%
  \if \andp{\emptyargp{#2}}{\emptyargp{#3}}%
    \noindent \@setauthor{40pc}{#1}{\false}\par
  \else\if \emptyargp{#3}%
    \noindent \@setauthor{17pc}{#1}{\false}\hspace{3pc}%
              \@setauthor{17pc}{#2}{\false}\par
  \else
    \noindent \@setauthor{12.5pc}{#1}{\false}\hspace{2pc}%
              \@setauthor{12.5pc}{#2}{\false}\hspace{2pc}%
              \@setauthor{12.5pc}{#3}{\true}\par
    \relax
  \fi\fi
  \vspace{20pt}}

\def \@setauthor #1#2#3{%
  \vtop{%
    \def \and {%
      \hspace{16pt}}
    \hsize = #1
    \normalfont
    \centering
    \large \@name{\@authorname#2}\par
    \vspace{5pt}
    \normalsize \@name{\@authoraffil#2}\par
    \vspace{2pt}
    \textsf{\@name{\@authoremail#2}}\par}}

\def \@maybetitlenote #1{%
  \if \andp{#1}{\gtrp{\@authorcount}{3}}%
    \titlenote{See page~\pageref{@addauthors} for additional authors.}%
  \fi}

\newtoks{\@fnmark}

\newcommand{\titlenote}[1]{%
  \global\increment \@titlenotecount
  \ifcase \@titlenotecount \relax \or
    \@fnmark = {\ast}\or
    \@fnmark = {\dagger}\or
    \@fnmark = {\ddagger}\or
    \@fnmark = {\S}\or
    \@fnmark = {\P}\or
    \@fnmark = {\ast\ast}%
  \fi
  \,$^{\the\@fnmark}$%
  \edef \reserved@a {\noexpand\@appendtotext{%
                       \noexpand\@titlefootnote{\the\@fnmark}}}%
  \reserved@a{#1}}

\def \@appendtotext #1#2{%
  \global\@titlenotetext = \expandafter{\the\@titlenotetext #1{#2}}}

\newcount{\@authori}

\iffalse
\def \additionalauthors {%
  \if \gtrp{\@authorcount}{3}%
    \section{Additional Authors}%
    \label{@addauthors}%
    \noindent
    \@authori = 4
    {\let \\ = ,%
     \loop 
       \textbf{\@name{\@authorname\romannumeral\@authori}},
       \@name{\@authoraffil\romannumeral\@authori},
       email: \@name{\@authoremail\romannumeral\@authori}.%
       \increment \@authori
     \if \notp{\gtrp{\@authori}{\@authorcount}} \repeat}%
    \par
  \fi
  \global\setflag \@addauthorsdone = \true}
\fi

\let \addauthorsection = \additionalauthors

\def \@placetitlenotes {
  \the\@titlenotetext}

%                       Utilities
%                       ---------


\newcommand{\centeroncapheight}[1]{%
  {\setbox\@tempboxa = \hbox{#1}%
   \@measurecapheight{\@tempdima}%         % Calculate ht(CAP) - ht(text)
   \advance \@tempdima by -\ht\@tempboxa   %           ------------------
   \divide \@tempdima by 2                 %                   2
   \raise \@tempdima \box\@tempboxa}}

\newbox{\@measbox}

\def \@measurecapheight #1{%                            {\dimen}
  \setbox\@measbox = \hbox{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}%
  #1 = \ht\@measbox}

\long\def \@titlefootnote #1#2{%
  \insert\footins{%
    \reset@font\footnotesize
    \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
    \splittopskip\footnotesep
    \splitmaxdepth \dp\strutbox \floatingpenalty \@MM
    \hsize\columnwidth \@parboxrestore
%%%    \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
%%%       \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark}%
    \color@begingroup
      \def \@makefnmark {$^{#1}$}%
      \@makefntext{%
        \rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces#2\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
    \color@endgroup}}

%                       LaTeX Modifications
%                       ----- -------------

\def \@seccntformat #1{%
  \@name{\the#1}%
  \expandaftertwice\@seccntformata \csname the#1\endcsname.\@mark
  \quad}

\def \@seccntformata #1.#2\@mark{%
  \if \emptyargp{#2}.\fi}

%                       Revision History
%                       -------- -------


%  Date         Person  Ver.    Change
%  ----         ------  ----    ------

%  2004.11.18   PCA     0.5     Start beta testing.

%  2004.11.19   PCA     0.6     Obsolete \author and replace with
%                               \authorinfo.
%                               Add 'nocopyrightspace' option.
%                               Compress article opener spacing.
%                               Add 'mathtime' option.
%                               Increase text height by 6 points.

%  2004.11.28   PCA     0.7     Add 'cm/computermodern' options.
%                               Change default to Times text.