12. Noble gases

The category “Noble gases” is an abstract universal. It captures two things common between Helium, Neon, Argon, etc. – that they are inert and gaseous.


It is defeated by data concerning differences in boiling points, freezing points, etc.

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The hydrogen atom is the relevant concrete universal.


It embodies the simple relationship between the nucleus and an electron shell.


That relationship is everywhere, in all the other elements. But it also exists in the particular form of hydrogen.