Image Segmentation
The image range can be segmented by extracting depth
discontinuities either across each coordinate axis [1],
or between neighbouring fitted 3D surfaces [6].
The case of depth discontinuities is represented in figure
3, while the case of 3D
surfaces is represented in figure 4.
The extracted surfaces are further segmented by analysing their surface orientation. This process is called fold edge detection. The result of this detection is shown in figure 5. The right-hand figure shows that a fold edge detection leads to a more accurate detection.
Figure 3: A Range image (left) and corresponding extracted regions
after labelling (right).
Figure 4: The first segmentation.
Figure 5: An intensity image (left) and its corresponding range image
(center-left). The same image after depth discontinuity processing
(center-right) and additional partitioned using fold edges (right).
Surface Fitting
The extracted surfaces are then fitted by parametric surface shapes in order
to obtain good comparative measures.
Experiments have shown that planes, cylinders and spheres are usually
sufficient to describe most of the simple surfaces in architectural scenes.
The following table shows the parameters associated with each surface
type.
Surface type | Description | |
Planar | surface normal | |
displacement disp | ||
Cylindrical | point on axis p | |
(circular) | unit vector of axis | |
radius r | ||
Spherical | centre c | |
radius r |
For two surfaces to be contiguous, they must be first of the same type. The surface parameters introduced above can be used for comparison. The following table gives the parameters and the thresholds used for determining whether two surfaces match or not.
Surface type | Requirements for matching | |
Plane | ||
Cylinder | ||
Sphere | ||